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Bibliography |
A list of sources used in preparing a work |
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Citation |
- 1) A short, formal indication of the source of information or
quoted material.
- 2) The act of quoting material or the material quoted.
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Cite |
- 1) to indicate a source of information or quoted material
in a short, formal note.
- 2) to quote
- 3) to ascribe something to a source
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Common |
Information that is readily available from a number |
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Knowledge |
of sources, or so well-known that its sources do not
have to be cited.
The fact that carrots are a source of Vitamin A is common knowledge,
and you could include this information in your work without attributing it to a source.
However, any information regarding the effects of Vitamin A on the human body are
likely to be the products of original research and would have to be cited.
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Copyright |
A law protecting the intellectual property of individuals,
giving them exclusive rights over the distribution and
reproduction of that material. |
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Endnotes |
Notes at the end of a paper acknowledging sources and providing additional
references or information. |
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Facts |
Knowledge or information based on real, observable
occurrences.
Just because something is a fact does not mean it is not the result of original thought,
analysis, or research. Facts can be considered intellectual property as well. If you
discover a fact that is not widely known nor readily found in several other places, you
should cite the source. |
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Footnotes |
Notes at the bottom of a paper acknowledging sources or
providing additional references or information. |
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Fair Use |
The guidelines for deciding whether the use of a source is
permissible or constitutes a copyright infringement. |
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Intellectual Property |
A product of the intellect, such as an expressed idea or
concept, that has commercial value |
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Notation |
The form of a citation; the system by which one refers
to cited sources. |
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Original |
- 1) Not derived from anything else, new and unique
- 2) Markedly departing from previous practice
- 3) The first, preceding all others in time
- 4) The source from which copies are made
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Paraphrase |
A restatement of a text or passage in other words
It is extremely important to note that changing a few words
from an original source does NOT qualify as paraphrasing.
A paraphrase must make significant changes in the style and voice of the original
while retaining the essential ideas. If you change the ideas, then you are not
paraphrasing – you are misrepresenting the ideas of the original, which could lead to
serious trouble. (see examples in the students preventing page….)
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Peer Review |
Turnitin.com’s teaching tool that allows students to anonymously review
the work of their peers. This gives students a chance to build critical skills while
helping them to see the strengths and weaknesses of their own writing. |
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Plagiarism |
The reproduction or appropriation of someone else’s work without proper
attribution; passing off as one’s own the work of someone else |
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Public Domain |
The absence of copyright protection; belonging to the public so that anyone
may copy or borrow from it. |
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Quotation |
Using words from another source |
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Self-plagiarism |
Copying material you have previously produced and passing it off as a new
production. This can potentially violate copyright protection, if the work has been
published, and is banned by most academic policies. |
